A inclusão da pessoa com deficiência (PCD) no mercado formal de trabalho: uma análise do Estado da Bahia (2010-2020)

Abstract

This research comprises a field still little explored in relation to the evaluation of social policies related to quotas for people with disabilities in the formal labor market, carried out in the state of Bahia. To this end, it was necessary to have an overview of the state's socioeconomic scenario, to later situate the disabled person in the Bahian formal work segment. The state of Bahia is the fifth Brazilian state in territorial extension, occupying an area of 564,760,429 km² (IBGE, 2010), with an estimated population of 14,985,284 people (IBGE, 2021), administratively composed by 417 municipalities (IBGE, 2018), with per capita monthly monthly income of R $ 843.00 (IBGE, 2021) and HDI calculated on 0.714, assuming 21st position in the Brazilian ranking, well, is the Brazilian State with the 4th largest population with disabilities, representing A percentage of 10.3% (PNS, IBGE, 2019). Representing a significant part of the state population, it is necessary to evaluate the way the quota policy implemented in Brazil through laws 8.112/90 and 8.213/1991-has been met at the state level, relating it to Other factors such as education, age group, gender etc. In this context, the present study brought the following question: to what extent does the quota policy to include people with disabilities in the formal labor market in the state of Bahia, between 2010 and 2020, has been met? The objective was to analyze the inclusion of people with disabilities in the formal labor market in the state of Bahia, from the employability coefficient established in quota laws. This research has exploratory nature, with qualitative approach, descriptive/deductive method. The strategy of the case study with bibliographic and documentary research techniques was used, having as its research locus the State of Bahia between 2010 and 2020 and using the IBGE institutes, RAIS, Bahia Economic and Social Studies Superintendence - I know, among other sources. The categories of analysis and main authors brought to this research were: work of the person with disabilities - DWP and public policy. Principle base of work as a fundamental right of DWP and social policies/ inclusion in the work of DWP. Thus, this research is justified, among other reasons, because it is inserted in the field of human rights and for collaborating in the search for the constant evolution of the inclusion policy. With this study, it was concluded that the policy of formal labor market access quotas in the state of Bahia, despite having an increase in its percentage in the years studied, is still far short of the minimum coefficient of employability established by law, Giving rise to the fragility of social policies interrelated to the subject, revealing the need for new cohesive and interdisciplinary actions that enable inclusion. It was also concluded that there was a higher spatial distribution of employees with disabilities in the state, the result of the development of medium and large cities that function as a public policy support network to neighboring municipalities.