A política de atenção à saúde e segurança do trabalho – PASS: uma análise dos fatores que influenciam a sua implementação no instituto federal da Bahia – IFBA

Abstract

The objective of this research was to analyze, in the perception of the servers, the factors that influenced / influence the implementation of the policy of the Attention to the Health and Safety of the Federal Public Server – PASS in the Federal Institute of Education of Bahia – IFBA in the period between 2011 and 2018. Therefore, the study was based on the theoretical framework of the Public Policies and Occupational Health, especially as to the phase of implementation. This is a qualitative and quantitative study with a longitudinal cut. The study used as a data collection strategy the documentary analysis, semi-structured interviews and questionnaires obtained between August and September of 2018. The interviews were carried out with three servers: two of them act directly with their execution and one is representative of the top administration of the institution. The questionnaires were applied with the other servers and 346 responses were obtained. The data were analyzed through content analysis, descriptive statistics and multiple regression. The results indicate that the PASS is not yet effectively implemented. They also show the evidence of the lack of knowledge of the servers about its existence, their low participation in the few actions developed, besides the increase of the servers' illnesses in the studied period. It was also perceived that among the main factors that hinder the full implementation of the policy, are the culture of the servers, the limitation of the available resources to carry out the actions aimed at their institutionalization, the lack of involvement and commitment of the managers, the distance between the Campi and the shortage of personnel allocated to the planning and execution of policy actions, programs and projects. Other factors outside the organization highlight the lack of support from the federal government, poor health care structures in the cities where the Campi are located and the non-existence of private companies that can provide care to all units. Due to these factors, two issues ask for reflection: the finding of an increase in cases of leave due to health reasons, which is contrary to the policy objective; and the need to rethink the flexibilization of bidding rules in order to conceive the possibility of bidding possibilities by campus or nearby regions so that the actions can be carried out, such as the case of periodic medical examinations. As a contribution, this study can support the elaboration and planning of the programs, projects and actions directed by the information gathered in the field research. It can guide the servers in order to optimize the implementation process. It will also help the Institute in the dissemination among the servers of the policy and alert them regarding the importance of their active participation in the construction of it. In what refers to the academic sphere, this research extends the published studies that explore the PASS in the context of the Federal Institutions of Higher Education and uses the quantitative approach, using multiple regression, to test the factors that influence the process of implementing a public policy. The few information about the actions carried out by the Institute and the geographical distance between the Campi have revealed the main limitations of this study.