A organização hospitalar: Um estudo sobre os fatores que influenciam na satisfação das enfermeiras no trabalho

Abstract

The main objective of this research is to analyze the work satisfaction of nurses who work is hospital organization, which unfolds into the following specific objectives: characterize the context of hospital organization and the nurses job correlating them to job satisfaction, identifying the factors of their satisfaction at work. For the total fulfillment of these objectives, a theoretical reference based on the positive psychology is built, in which the psycho-social factors of organizations are discussed: the inclusion of emotions, the well-being at work, emphasizing the satisfaction and analyzing the satisfaction at work of the nurses in hospital organization. Some possible factors of satisfaction at work are considered to be, the relationship with the management, the relationship with the co-workers, the identification with the task itself, the promotion system, the salary, professional recognition and the influences of the context. Based on this theoretical reference and adding to it the satisfaction in the nurse s work is empirically studied in two hospital organizations, one of them private (Organization A) and the other philanthropic (Organization B). As a tool for data collection a self-applicable questionnaire was used, contemplating the Job Satisfaction Scale created by Siqueira (1994), the scales of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ), which evaluates demand-control, Social Support from superiors and workmates, and questions created by the author. The statistical software Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 10.0 was used for the analysis of data. 127 nurses take part in this research, 94 (74%) from Organization A and 33 (26%) from Organization B. As found, results stand out: the nurses recognize as an important factor for their satisfaction at work the instrumental support received for the development of their activities coming from their managers and co-workers, which is priority regarding the social interactions established; the nurses are more satisfied with their managers than with the co-workers, finding themselves strongly identified with their profession, what positively influences on their satisfaction with the work; the professional recognition is an important factor related to satisfaction at work, as well as is important the participation and the promotion of educational activities; the factors related to promotion and salary represent the aspects with the smallest average of satisfaction. This study has made possible a greater approach and analysis of the psycho-social factors of work, relating them to well-being and satisfaction of the nurses. It may contribute to the thought of the study participants and company managers about the aspects of the respective contexts, which maybe revealed and identified, aiming at favoring the accomplishment of the individual goals as well as organizational, plus the improvement of the well-being at work.