Aplicação de sistemas fotovoltaicos na universalização do serviço de energia elétrica na Bahia: uma mudança de paradigma no setor elétrico brasileiro

Abstract

The use of solar home systems (SHS) in rural electrification programs, has been limited on experimental applications where besides rare exceptions, the lack of an adequate structure of maintenance causes discontinuity in functioning of the equipments, generating dissatisfaction for the users and making impracticable its use on a regular form. This dissertation approaches the viability of the use of SHS in wide scale in rural electrification, from two viewpoints: it considers that the obligation of universalization of electric power supply without charges for consumers, imposes high investments for the electric utilities, being imperative financing part of the workmanships program with public resources and because of this, the participation of society s resources, will demand by the concessionaires biggest opening in analysis of the several alternative techniques for rural electrification. When telling the pioneering experience of the electrical distribution company of the state of Bahia, Coelba, that from segmentation of its not served market and considering the main critical points that have limited the application of this technology: restriction of energy consumption, continuity of functioning of the equipments and supported by Resolution 083/04 of ANEEL, deliberated to use photovoltaic systems in a significant parcel of the detached households, intends to demonstrate that the incorporation of photovoltaic technology in the concessionaire business, (core business) solves the great difficulty that has been told in current literature for the SHS s dissemination, that is the operation and maintenance of the equipments, constituting a true "watershed" in the photovoltaic energy history in Brazil.