Microcrédito como estratégia de geração de emprego e renda: uma agenda política e econômica necessária

Abstract

Microcredit, as an instrument to boost micro-entrepreneurial initiatives, has the potential to heat up local economies, and has been used as a tool to fight poverty and reduce social exclusion. This research proposes to analyze microcredit in Brazil, as well as the policies of the sector in the light of the National Program for Productive and Oriented Microcredit, for this, it used a qualitative approach, descriptive and exploratory research, as well as research bibliographic and documentary analysis. Studies have shown a causal relationship between credit, financial inclusion and economic and social growth, countries with the largest credit supply in their economies and with their population with the highest levels of banking, are exactly those that have the best GDPs per capita, as well as as the greatest indicators of human development. Regulatory initiatives have guided the advances in the sector, the political agenda of the segment only gained strength in the 2000s with the approval of laws that laid the foundations for the growth in the supply of micro-credit that took place from 2005 onwards. However, considering its importance , this agenda still does not occupy the proper space in the political and economic environment, there are several actors acting in this market without a consistent and structured sectorial planning, in a way that the sector is still unattractive for traditional financial institutions and hostile to the microfinance entities. Consequently, the reflexes are few institutions operating with low penetration. The field research pointed out the difficulties faced by popular entrepreneurs in having access to microcredit lines, especially due to the low supply in this market and the existence of registration restrictions on the borrower, reinforced the importance of the credit agent in the orientation of borrowers and concluded that it is necessary to strengthen public policies that stimulate the market, especially on the part of the municipalities, and in this way a proposal for a municipal public policy was prepared that could serve as a basis for implementation in any municipality in the country. Strengthening the segment is a necessary and relevant strategy to reduce socioeconomic inequality.