Busca e salvamento em parques nacionais: um estudo de caso do Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina

Abstract

The increase in ecotourism and adventure tourism activities in natural areas, and especially in National Parks, requires a study focused on the search and rescue, since risks are inherent to the practice of these activities. The Chapada Diamantina National Park was designed as an object of study to identify the existence of protocols and structures for search and rescue around the Unit and evaluate its functioning as an integrated security system that meets the growing demand of tourist activities. The research utilized the inductive approach method and, as to its method of procedure, can be classified as a case study. The literature review was based on bibliographical and documentary research on the categories of ecotourism and adventure tourism, national parks, management plans, risk management and its regulations, search and rescue protocols in areas of plant and risk cover and management and articulation of health of the municipalities. To do so, we used the databases of the Chico Mendes Institute (ICMBIO); Operational Manual of Military Firemen; Legislation on SUS and Health Scale; (ABNT) and as international material was used from National Park Service (NPS) and New Zealand Search and Rescue (NZSAR) data to understand good international practices. Field research included the application of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with the main local agents related to visitor safety. It is concluded that in spite of the difficulties found, some of them are inherent to the site, it is possible to promote a link between local actors and to structure a search and rescue program for the Chapada Diamantina National Park.