Qualidade da água na Chapada Diamantina: uma análise da saúde ambiental da APA Marimbus/Iraquara.

Abstract

When the planning of regions or cities that use their natural attractions to generate economy through ecotourism does not exist or is inefficient, it impacts on environmental health, where the health quality of these environments is compromised and, consequently, human health is put at risk. . This study aimed to investigate the impairment of environmental health in tourist sites and the quilombola community of Remanso, located in the Marimbus / Iraquara Environmental Protection Area (APA) and in the municipality of Andaraí, in the Chapada Diamantina region, Bahia, through the evaluation of the sanitary quality of the surface waters of the Santo Antônio river. Physicochemical and microbiological analyzes of water quality and the potential diseases that contaminants may cause were performed. High phosphate concentrations (at 2.57 mg/L in C1 and 1.93 mg/L in C2) and the EIT calculation categorized E4 as a hypereutrophic environment, which PCA corroborated in its graph when demonstrating that E4 Both in C1 and C2 was the station that had a directly proportional correlation with the parameters Cla and PO4. The IQA demonstrated the influence of seasonality on water quality, as all sampling stations maintained or reduced their classification from the wettest (C1) to the driest (C2). Iron values (up to 1.79 mg / L in C1 and 0.90 mg / L in C2), as well as BOD and OD data were outside the limits allowed by CONAMA 357/2005, as well as Total coliform and E. coli data indicated an unfit water for human consumption. With the obtained data it was possible to affirm that all the analyzed stations, in the two sampling campaigns, are unfit for consumption and bath, because they are suggested eutrophication, and represent risk to the public health due to the diseases that can cause. If you do not have an intervention in these stations, it can directly impact the local economy, which can in turn be buzzing through ecotourism.