Centralidade difusa: análise das teorias da centralidade urbana face às recentes influências socioeconômica e tecnológicas da sociedade pó sindustrial

Abstract

PhD thesis that analyzed the theories of urban centrality in view of the recent influences of the socioeconomictechnological factors of spatial change, in the context of the postindustrial soci ety. Six factors of influence (shopping mall, large retail chains, logistics, ephemerisation of products and markets, electronic forms of payment and ecommerce) emerged or projected from the 1960s and 1970s, which took place within the framework of the network society and the information age, in which the internet emerged as the backbone of the transformations triggered by globalization. The research adopted a methodology of qualitative data nature and hypothet icaldeductive approach, with general objective and instrumented in the descriptive technique. In the empirical research, a comparison was made with statements from active actors in the tertiary sector of the cities of Salvador and Lisbon, reflecting the economic realities of two polycentric metropolises in the South American market and the European Community, respec tively. The thesis produced four classifications of the theoretical contributions of Regional Sci ence, focusing its analysis on the classical theories of urban (traditional) centrality, analyzing them as a phenomenon resulting from the study. He identified the phenomenon of Diffuse Cen trality, conceptualized by the fragmentation of urban centrality, in its spatially defined sphere, together with the influence of virtual tertiary centrality, of undetermined spatial reflex. The study concluded that, as fragmentation of traditional urban centrality occurs due to the influence of socioeconomic and technological factors, the traditional theories of urban centrality analysis need to be relativized in a context of Diffuse Centrality, no longer oriented only by the spatial, but coexisting with a growing virtual tertiary centrality and spatially diffuse from the point of view of spatial concentration, morphology, metabolism and urban accumulation, with repercus sions on local development, especially in the sphere of the large tertiary sector.