Aspectos importantes do armazenamento geológico de CO2 e uma proposta para o seu modelo regulatório no Brasil.

Abstract

The lack of specific regulations on new technologies such as Storage of Carbon Dioxide in Geological Reservoirs (CGS) is a barrier in combating global warming and its consequences. The methodology used on this thesis was literature research and comparative analysis. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is a greenhouse gas and its Storage in Geological Reservoirs is highlighted as one of the major initiatives as to its concentration reduction in the atmosphere. As it s a new, yet unexplored technology, the lack of regulation remains an obstacle to its usage in large scale. Some developed countries, however, have already structured their regulatory framework for the use of CGS. The propose of this thesis is to elicit the most important elements in order to direct and elaborate a specific CGS regulation focused on the Brazilian reality, therefore it identifies, analyzes and suggests several critical aspects which should be taken into consideration while doing so. In the process of writting the thesis, it was necessary to discuss: the substance CO2, its characteristics and behavior in the environment and its effect on human health; the insertion of CGS in the carbon credit market as a way of encouraging the usage of this new technology; the aspects internationally recognized as fundamental in the regulation of CGS; the identification of the main existing international rules for the regulation of CGS; the identification of the authority(ies) responsible for the conduct of the matters related to CGS regulation in Brazil; the legal issues and its direct or indirect relations with the Brazilian legislation; issues that need to be considered in the Brazilian regulatory system of CGS, and finally, conclusions and recommendations. The main outcomes of this thesis, were the the main aspects of the regulation of CGS, and also the indication of the authority(ies) responsible; the identification and analysis of regulatory gaps in the current Brazilian GCS legislation, culminating with the suggestion of a GCS regulatory model for Brazil.