Análise da localização, inovação e capital humano como indutores do Desenvolvimento Regional e Urbano: o caso de Feira de Santana

Abstract

This thesis sougth to explain how the business attractiveness, the ambience for the human capital formation and to promote the innovation constitute factors influencing the current development model of Feira de Santana. To achieve this goal, this research used the scientific inductive approach and its operation occurred through an explanatory research. The methodology of the case study was used for the analysis and understanding the regional and urban development of Feira de Santana. The analysis of business attractiveness used information coming from the study of the regions of influence of cities, conductec by IBGE, and it was supported in the theoretical model of Walter Christaller with this approach of central cities and the thoretical model of François Perroux , with this focus on regional development from industrial and urban centers. The analys of the ambience to human capital formation and the promotion of innovation was made from census information from 2010, also carried out by the IBGE and educational information from official sources. In this theme, the research was supported primarily by theoretical assumptions developed by Joseph Schumpeter, with the role of technical change for economic development, and the works of Theodore Shultz and Alfred Marshall, who stressed the importance of training people in the production process and the importance of investment in this training. From the appropriation of theoretical foundations and the study of social and economic information about the object of this research, interviews with government, educational and business leaders from Feira de Santana were conducted, transcribed and compiled. The content of these interviews was summarized by qualitative content analysis. This research concluded that there is no relationship between the factors business attractiveness, ambience for human capital formation and promoting innovation in the current level of Feira de Santana development. However, there are great influence of the urban centrality and the business attractiveness, influenced mainly by the location of the city analised. The specific actions for the development of Feira de Santana are disjointed and the efforts of business, government and educational organizations for this purpose, when detected, are not integrated. As perspective to promote regional and urban development of Feira de Santana, this thesis indicates some regional vocations with great potential for this purpose. For this purpose, the effective use of these vocations must be part of an integrated project focused on the long term.