A regulação do aproveitamento energético de resíduos sólidos urbanos: um caminho de gestão municipal urbano ambiental

Abstract

The National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS) emerged in Brazil in 2010 as a regulatory rules of waste management (Law 12.305/10), introducing the Energy Use of Solid Waste (APERSU), valuing it as a product that helps the creation of business supplies, employment and income. The concept of urban municipal environmental management is an integral part of PNRS as fit to municipalities approval and the implementation of management plans that enable the APERSU. The global concern with energy production has expanded the search for renewable sources. On the other hand, there is also a concern of the countries concerning the final destination of its municipal solid waste (MSW), generating a search for the extinction of open dumps. In the search for new energy sources and the proper disposal of MSW, this paper aims to contribute to the presentation, understanding and improvement of the Brazilian regulatory framework, under construction, introducing the APERSU policy in the country. This tool has been used in many countries successfully. Thus, seeking guidance on successful models to research uses the comparative method with international regulatory frameworks already consolidated, highlighting the countries of the European Union, where there is already an APERSU on an industrial scale. In addition to the European model of APERSU, investigates the solidified Australian experience management. It is important to understand that APERSU is only possible through proper management that promotes proper disposal of MSW. In this regard, the current Brazilian scenario is extremely worrying; given the early stage, they are in their management policies. Thus, focusing on the reality of Brazil, trying to justify here the importance of implementing a modern regulation that is consistent with environmental and energy needs of the country, guided by effective policies in the area. In this regard, the work aims to provide a small contribution to the subject, studying successful models already applied and offering his views on urban environmental management of MSW in the municipalities.